Question

State three key features of federalism which leads to decentralised structure.

Answer 1

Answer:

Key features of federalism:

There are two or more levels of government.

Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration.

The jurisdictions are specified in the constitution.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.

Explanation:

There are two tiers/level of govt within a federation. Such two types of governance possess independent power from each other.

• One where the govt  for the whole region, which generally has certain common national interests in charge.
• Provincial/state govts that control the day-to-day governance of their territory/state.

The three features of federalism contributing to a democratic system are

• There are two or three tiers of govts in a federal govt system.
• The govt's separate tires rule the same people.
• The Constitution specifies the "respective jurisdictions" of the "different tiers" of govt
• The  authority & existence of each tier of govt is constitutionally guaranteed.

Decentralisation

• Decentralization is where power is taken away from central & state govts & granted to the local govts. The underlying principle behind decentralization is that certain issues and challenges are better solved at the local level. Locals should also engage explicitly in the decision-making process.

In 1992 there was a big change in the direction of decentralization. The Constitution had been revised to strengthen and improve the third level of democracy. Three-tier government has its core characteristics here:

• Regular elections to local govt bodies are constitutionally mandatory.
• Seats shall be reserved for the "Scheduled Castes" , "Scheduled Tribes"&"Other Backward Classes" in the "elected bodies & their executive heads".
• Women are reserved at least a "one-third" of all positions.
• In each State, the "State Election Commission" for "panchayat & municipal" elections has been created ..
• The govts of the State must share those rights & revenues with local administrators. The essence of sharing varies between countries.

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