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Gonadotrophs, cells that constitute about 10 percent of the pituitary gland, secrete two primary gonadotropins: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The amount and rate of secretion of these hormones vary widely at different ages and at different times during the menstrual cycle in women. Secretion of LH and FSH is low in both males and females prior to puberty. Following puberty, more LH than FSH is secreted.
Gonadotrophic hormones are released by placenta and anterior pituitary gland. These hormones act on gonads and are essential for reproduction. They act on ovaries of females and testes of males. Follicle stimulating hormone and leutinizing hormone produced by the anterior pituitary and human chorionic gonadotropin produced by the placenta are included in the gonadotrophin hormones. After release they regulate the steroidogenic and gametogenic processes in males and females.