Question

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Write down the definition of permanent tissues in plants



class 9th
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Answer 1

Answer:-

• the permanent tissues in a plant are those tissues that contain nondividing cells.
• The cells of the permanent tissue are derived from the meristematic tissue.
• The permanent tissue cells are also fully differentiated.
• The cells are large and a definite shape and size.

Answer 2

The tissues that are completely grown and have lost the ability of division are known as permanent tissues. The meristematic tissues divide and differentiate to form the permanent tissues.

permanent tissue

Types of Permanent Tissue

Simple Permanent Tissue

These are also known as homogenous tissues. They are made up of a single cell type, usually with the same origin, structure, and function.

Simple permanent tissue is further classified into three types:

Parenchyma

The cells have an oval or round shape.

The cell wall is made up of hemicellulose or cellulose.

The cell is thin-walled.

The cells have vacuoles and very small nucleus.

It is found in all parts of the plant.

The protoplasm is living and dense.

Collenchyma

Cells are long and thick-walled.

The cell wall is made up of cellulose and pectin.

It is the only tissue with the highest refractive index due to the presence of pectin.

It is found in the epidermis and the vascular bundle of dicot leaf.

The amount of chloroplast is less in the cells.

The cells have no intercellular spaces.

Sclerenchyma

These are dead tissues, very hard and rigid in texture.

Cells are thick-walled with various size and shapes.

These provide mechanical support and rigidity to the plant.

Complex permanent Tissue

The complex tissues are made up of various types of cells carrying out distinct functions and are of two types:

Xylem

It transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves of the plant.

It provides support to the plants.

It is divided into-tracheids, vessels, xylem fiber, and xylem parenchyma.

Phloem

It translocates the prepared organic food from the leaves to different parts of the plant.

It is also known as bast.

It is composed of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibres.

Special Tissues

They are modified structurally to carry out functions secretory in nature and are of two types:

Laticiferous Tissues

The plant tissues have latex.

They originate from the meristematic tissues and mature with other tissues.

The cells are elongated, thin-walled and multinucleated.

Observed in a large number of families such as Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Compositate, etc.

Glandular Tissues

They possess various glands, that secrete oil, resins, tannin, mucilage, etc.

The gland is situated on the epidermis.