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$<i><marquee>Explain Photoelectric effect with Planck's Quantum Theory of Radiation....$


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Answer 1

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After the failure of classical electromagnetic theory of radiation to explain photoelectric effect affect led Max Planck to propose a new theory on EM radiation which later known as Quantum theory of radiation.

Two major postulates of this theory are:-

Radiant energy is emitted or absorbed not continuously but discontinuously in the form of small packets of energy called quanta.The amount of energy of energy associated with a quantum( or photon) of radiation is proportional to the frequency of radiation.A body can emit or absorb energy only in terms of integral multiples of quantum.

E ∝ v

=> E = hv , where v is frequency of radiation and h is called Planck's constant (= 6.625 × 10^ -34 Js).

This theory is put forward to explain phenomenons like Black Body radiation, Photoelectric effect, etc

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Answer 2

Photoelectric Effect Explained

OVERVIEW

Although Hertz discovered the photoelectron in 1887, it was not until 1905 that a theory was proposed that explained the effect completely. The theory was proposed by Einstein and it made the claim that electromagnetic radiation had to be thought of as a series of particles, called photons, which collide with the electrons on the surface and emit them. This theory ran contrary to the belief that electromagnetic radiation was a wave and thus it was not recognized as correct until 1916 when Robert Millikan experimentally confirmed the theory

Nature, it seemed, was quantized (non-continuous, or discrete). If this was so, how could Maxwell’s equations correctly predict this result? Planck spent a good deal of time attempting to reconcile the behavior of electromagnetic waves with the discrete nature of the blackbody radiation, to no avail. It was not until 1905, with yet another paper published by Albert Einstein, that the wave nature of light was expanded to include the particle interpretation of light which adequately explained Planck’s equation. The photoelectric effect was first documented in 1887 by the German physicist Heinrich Hertz and is therefore sometimes referred to as the Hertz effect. While working with a spark-gap transmitter (a primitive radio-broadcasting device), Hertz discovered that upon absorption of certain frequencies of light, substances would give off a visible spark. In 1899, this spark was identified as light-excited electrons (also called photoelectrons) leaving the metal's surface by J.J. Thomson.