Question

using flow chart describe microorganisms along with their harmfulness and usefulness and give example s wherever required​

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Answer:

MICROORGANISMS :- Our environment is flooded with millions of very tiny organisms which cannot be seen by us without any aid.

These organisms are extremely small, may be as small as 0.00001mm. It means, little space like our finger tip can be occupied by millions of these organisms. These organisms are called microorganisms or microbes.

These organisms have great impact on humans. Some can cause illness,whereas other can cure diseases.

The branch of science that deals with the study of microorganisms is called microbiology.

Microorganisms :- Bacteria, Algae, Fungi, Protozoa, .

USEFUL BACTERIA :-

1- Food production - Lactobacillus bacteria help in the fermentation and production of curd and cheese.

Bacteria are also used in the production of coffee, tea and cocoa beans.

2- Synthesis of plant and animal wastes - Some useful bacteria live in the large intestine of human beings and produce vitamin K, B5,B7,and B12

HARMFUL BACTERIA :-

1- Disease like cholera, diphtheria, plague, tetanus, typhoid, pneumonia, and tuberculosis are caused due to bacteria in human being and animals.

2- Bacteria like Salmonella and Staphylococci causes food posining.

ALAGE :-

USEFUL ALAGE -

1- In medicine - Some algae like Chlorella are used to prepare antibiotic chlorellen.

2- In space - In recent years, algae are used as used as source of oxygen in spaceships and also as food.

HARMFUL ALAGE :-

1- Parasitic - Cephaleuros is a parasitic alga which attacks and causes disease in plant like tea, coffee etc.

2- Toxic -Some algae produce toxic substances which affect the aquatic life.

FUNGI :-

USEFUL FUNGI

1- In medicine - Fungi are used in making medicine. Penicillin (the wonder drug) is an antibiotic made from fungus Penicillium.

2- In industries - Yeast is also used for commercial production of alcohol and wine by growing them on natural sugars present in grains like barely, wheat, rice, and crushed fruit juice.

HARMFUL FUNGI -

1- Spoilage of food - Moulds grow on breads, pickles, citrus fruits, fruit juice, vegetables and spoil them.

2- Spoilage of leather and other materials - Fungus grows on leather footwares, cotton clothes, wooden material, books and spoil them.

PROTOZOA -

USEFUL PROTOZOA :-

1- Being simplest organisms they are used in laboratories for research.

2- Some protozoa live in the alimantry canal of animal and help them to digest cellulose.

HARMFUL PROTOZOA :-

1- Giardia causes diarrhoea.

2- Trypanosoma which lives in the blood stream of human beings, cattel and wild animals causes a disease known as sleeping sickness.

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