Question

व्हिच ऑफ द फॉलोइंग है सप्रोफिटिक पोटेंशियल​

Answer 1

Answer:

Saprophytic: structurally damaged host (bronchiectasis, cavities, necrotic tissue)

Aspergilloma (mycetoma): cavitary colonization and growth, IgG antibodies

Chronic necrotizing aspergillosis: semi-invasive, intermediate between invasive and saprophytic; chronic disease or mild immunocompromised state

Allergic: immunocompetent host

Asthma: exposure and IgE antibodies, immediate hypersensitivity

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: endobronchial growth, IgE and IgG antibodies, polyclonal IgE, Th2 cellular response, eosinophilia; asthma, CF, rarely CGD, hyper-IgE syndrome

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (allergic alveolitis): parenchymal contact, IgG antibodies, Th1 cellular response

Bronchocentric granulomatosis

Eosinophilic pneumonia

Invasive: immunosuppressed host

Angioinvasive aspergillosis; usually systemic, rare localization in less compromised host

Acute bronchopneumonia

Pseudomembranous necrotizing tracheobronchitis: immunosuppressed or chronic lung disease

Answer 2

Answer:

General considerations

Saprophytes adapt themselves to the metabolic demands of the organism. The greater the presentation of nutrients and calories, the greater the growth of saprophytes will be. Conversely, saprophytes can adapt the organism to its metabolic demands through the gut-brain interaction (Chapter 5).3, 4 Saprophytes participate in the metabolic response of the organism and the organism plays a part in the metabolic response of the saprophyte. This creates the endobiogenic equilibrium and determines the buffering capacity of the organism.

There is a constant interaction between the host, the flora, the environment, and the response of each and all to internal and external demands. The pathogenicity of noncommensal flora will be determined more by the endobiogenic equilibrium at the time of exposure and the quality of the adaptive response more than by the intrinsic pathogenicity of the organism.