Question

we know that the nearer a place is to the poles, the colder it is likely to be. which city, in a) and b) below , is likely to be colder?
a. city X: latitude 30 degree N, longitude 25 degree W, or
    city Y: latitude 60 degree N, longitude 20 degree E 
b. city W: latitude 40 degree S, longitude 75 degree E, or 
    city Z: latitude 75 degree S, longitude 50 degree W.

Answer 1

a.)city Y
b.)city Z
coz only the degree of latitude matters and not that of longitude

Answer 2

Answer:

a) City Y  b) City Z are colder.

Latitude undeniably affects temperature and hence affecting the climate of a particular place. Latitudes vary from "0 degrees" at the equator to a "90 degrees" near each pole.  

The amount of sunlight that is received by an area determines the temperature. At the equator, high amount of sunlight is received, hence higher temperature. At or near the poles, sunlight is very sparse and further reflected by the ice, hence the temperature drops.  That is there is an "inverse relationship" between an area's latitude and its temperature. The longitude does not have a visual effect on the temperature of an area but indirectly through wind currents.