Question

What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world

Answer 1

There are several causes for uneven distribution of population. some of the reasons are:
Climate
Transportation
Development
Geographic features
Communication
etc.

Answer 2

Certain social, geographical, cultural and economic factors affect the distribution of the population in the world. Climatic conditions, the flatness of the land, soil fertility, fresh water availability and mineral resources are the geographical determinants.  Housing, educational and health facilities, proximity to places of religious and cultural importance, the presence of viable employment opportunities are the socio-economic determinants.  The uneven distribution of these factors translates into the uneven distribution of the population.