What are the factors affecting the climate of brazil
Answers
The climate in a given area of Brazil is influenced by several factors, including temperature, rainfall, atmospheric humidity, winds and atmospheric pressure. These factors are in turn conditioned by factors such as altitude, latitude, relief characteristics, vegetation and continentality.
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Answer:
(1) Proximity to equator, Brazilian Highlands, the Great Escarpment are the main factors
affecting climate of Brazil.
(2) Due to proximity to equator, the temperatures in the northern part of Brazil is
comparatively higher. On the other hand, the temperatures in the southern part of
Brazil is comparatively lower.
(3) The average temperature in the Amazon river basin in the northern part near equator
is 25oC to 28oC. The overall climate in this region is found to be hot, humid and
unhealthy.
(4) The amount of annual average rainfall in Amazon river valley is nearly 2000 mm. The
amount of annual average rainfall is nearly 1000 mm to 1200 in the southeast coastal
region.
(5) The temperature is comparatively low in the Brazilian highlands. Brazilian highlands
receives moderate amount of rainfall, i.e. nearly 600 mm to 1200 mm.
(6) The great Escarpment and the Brazilian Highlands obstruct the trade winds blowing
from the southeast and the northeast directions. This leads to heavy rainfall in the
windward sides of the Great Escarpment, i.e. in the eastern coastal region of Brazil.
(7) The winds blowing beyond the Highlands become dry and therefore it rains less to the
leeward side of the Great Escarpment and the Brazilian Highlands.
(8) As its effect, the northeast part of Brazil receives the minimum rainfall. The
temperature is also found to be high in this region. This region is a rain shadow region.
It is known as ‘Drought Quadrilateral’.