Question

What are the five rules of vedic maths with 3 examples of each?

Answer 1

Vedic Math essentially rests on the 16 Sutras or mathematical formulas as referred to in the Vedas. Sri Sathya Sai Veda Pratishtan has compiled these 16 Sutras and 13 sub-Sutras:

1. Ekadhikina Purvena
(Corollary: Anurupyena)
Meaning: By one more than the previous one
2. Nikhilam Navatashcaramam Dashatah
(Corollary: Sisyate Sesasamjnah)
Meaning: All from 9 and the last from 10
3. Urdhva-Tiryagbyham
(Corollary: Adyamadyenantyamantyena)
Meaning: Vertically and crosswise

4.Paraavartya Yojayet
(Corollary: Kevalaih Saptakam Gunyat)
Meaning: Transpose and adjust
5.Shunyam Saamyasamuccaye
(Corollary: Vestanam)
Meaning: When the sum is the same that sum is zero
(Anurupye) Shunyamanyat
(Corollary: Yavadunam Tavadunam)
Meaning: If one is in ratio, the other is zero
Sankalana-vyavakalanabhyam
(Corollary: Yavadunam Tavadunikritya Varga Yojayet)
Meaning: By addition and by subtraction
Puranapuranabyham
(Corollary: Antyayordashake'pi)
Meaning: By the completion or non-completion
Chalana-Kalanabyham
(Corollary: Antyayoreva)
Meaning: Differences and Similarities
Yaavadunam
(Corollary: Samuccayagunitah)
Meaning: Whatever the extent of its deficiency
Vyashtisamanstih
(Corollary: Lopanasthapanabhyam)
Meaning: Part and Whole
Shesanyankena Charamena
(Corollary: Vilokanam)
Meaning: The remainders by the last digit
Sopaantyadvayamantyam
(Corollary: Gunitasamuccayah Samuccayagunitah)
Meaning: The ultimate and twice the penultimate
Ekanyunena Purvena
(Corollary: Dhvajanka)
Meaning: By one less than the previous one
Gunitasamuchyah
(Corollary: Dwandwa Yoga)
Meaning: The product of the sum is equal to the sum of the product
Gunakasamuchyah
(Corollary: Adyam Antyam Madhyam)
Meaning: The factors of the sum is equal to the sum of the factors