Question

What are the reasons for modifying the natural ecosystem by humans?List any two ways in which an agro-ecosystem differ from a natural ecosystem.

Answer 1

Ecosystem can be defined as a structural and functional unit of biosphere including both organisms and abiotic environment, influencing the properties of each other and both necessary for the maintenance of life.

The term ‘ecosystem’ was proposed by Arthur Tansley

Natural ecosystem

(imagine a forest ecosystem)

1. Consists of many species of plants and animals

2. Genetic diversity is very high

3. The sunlight is the energy source for autotrophs and this energy drives all biological cycles

4. Food chains are long and complex

5. Ecological succession takes place in a natural ecosystem over the period of time

6. Natural nutrient cycling ensures maximum and efficient cycling of nutrients

7. Productivity is extremely variable and depends on the environment. In tropical rainforest productivity is very high, but in deserts productivity is very low

8. High sustainability or naturally sustainable