what can you do to increase cotton productivity?
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Until now, it was believed that gene-processed BT hybrid cotton is the only way to get more yield than cotton cultivation. Today, there are many resources available in agro-science, which can be used to increase the production of cotton even in those areas which are completely dependent on rain for irrigation. The Nagpur-based Central Cotton Research Institute (CICR) has developed an extraordinary new technique ‘High Density Cotton Planting System’. Under this technique more plants are planted on the per hectare land, from which the success of the cotton production.
Generally farmers impose 50,000 to 55,000 saplings per hectare. Under the new technology, the seeds are sown at a short distance, which is done by sowing 2 lakhs of hectares per hectare. The excessive production of cotton is due to sowing more number of plants. These varieties of cotton are very favorable for such dense planting, which do not compete with each other for getting the sunlight, nutrient elements, and whose plants are neither long and taller, and they Neither spread too much.
After a monsoon, life cycle of varieties that are ripe in the short period is completed before the moisture present in the soil ends. C.I.C.R through the actual testing, we have identified various varieties of cotton, which will be suitable for dense planting. There are some similar varieties in PKV 081 (which was introduced by Akola Agricultural University in 1987), NH 615 (recently developed by Parbhani University) and Suraj (developed by CICR in 2008). By adopting ways to preserve rain water, this unique process helps in cultivating cotton.
Cotton cultivation, which depends on rainfall in other states like Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan, can be of great benefit as there is uncertainty about production due to frequent water scarcity. CICR cotton scientists say that cotton production is extremely low in those areas, which depend on rain for water, because after the monsoon, the soil becomes deficient in moisture, especially when flowering occurs on plants Water is the most needed.
Generally, the monsoon rains that start in June end by September, while the formation of flower begins in October and is peak in November. Due to this, cotton flowers are not fully grown in such soil, which have less water absorption capacity. As a result crop production is low. The long-standing cotton varieties exhibit the worst, because they do not get enough water during the time of crop growth.
During the last kharif season, these varieties were tested in 155 places in Vidarbha and adjoining areas and despite the worst monsoon outbreak in the worst monsoon and cotton, the results were very good. Pesticides were also sprayed in many areas to overcome the outbreak of insects. In most of these places cotton production increased by 35 to 40 percent. The total average per hectare in the whole test site was 15 to 18 quintals, which is almost twice the normal cotton production in Vidarbha district. The highest production is in the areas of Chandrapur, Amravati and Nagpur. With this, the farmers benefited from Rs 12,000 to Rs 90,000 per hectare, whereas the cost of cultivation comes from Rs 20,000 to Rs 25,000 per hectare.
According to RCR Revolution of CICR, the success of this technique has led to the enthusiasm in cotton farmers. Some farmers have also opted for the cultivation of high density cotton cultivation to grow organic cotton. Given the enthusiasm of cotton scientists and the feedback received from the cotton farmers, it seems that this new technology has the potential to bring in another such cotton revolution, which came after the arrival of Bt cotton in the last decade. The most important thing is that in this technique, farmers suffering from crop degradation due to lack of water irrigation are likely to solve this problem. It is evident that state agricultural departments have to collaborate with research institutes to encourage the use of this technique.
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