What do you mean by hypothyroidism?
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Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones to meet the needs of the body. ... Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, or the way the body uses energy. If thyroxine levels are low, many of the body's functions slow down.
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Hypothyroidism, also called underactive thyroid or low thyroid, is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid glanddoes not produce enough thyroid hormone.[3]It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold, a feeling of tiredness, constipation, depression, and weight gain.[3] Occasionally there may be swelling of the front part of the neck due to goiter.[3] Untreated hypothyroidism during pregnancy can lead to delays in growth and intellectual development in the baby or congenital iodine deficiency syndrome.[4]
HypothyroidismSynonymsUnderactive thyroid, low thyroid, hypothyreosisMolecular structure of thyroxine, the deficiency of which causes the symptoms of hypothyroidismPronunciation
/ˌhaɪpəˈθaɪrɔɪdɪzəm, -poʊ-/[1][2]
SpecialtyEndocrinologySymptomsPoor ability to tolerate cold, feeling tired, constipation, depression, weight gain[3]ComplicationsDuring pregnancy can result in cretinism in the baby[4]Usual onset> 60 years old[3]CausesIodine deficiency, Hashimoto's thyroiditis[3]Diagnostic methodBlood tests (thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine)[3]Differential diagnosisDepression, dementia, heart failure, chronic fatigue syndrome[5]PreventionSalt iodization[6]TreatmentLevothyroxine[3]Frequency0.3–0.4% (USA)[7]
Worldwide, too little iodine in the diet is the most common cause of hypothyroidism.[7][8]In countries with enough iodine in the diet, the most common cause of hypothyroidism is the autoimmune condition Hashimoto's thyroiditis.[3] Less common causes include: previous treatment with radioactive iodine, injury to the hypothalamus or the anterior pituitary gland, certain medications, a lack of a functioning thyroid at birth, or previous thyroid surgery.[3][9] The diagnosis of hypothyroidism, when suspected, can be confirmed with blood tests measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxinelevels.[3]
HypothyroidismSynonymsUnderactive thyroid, low thyroid, hypothyreosisMolecular structure of thyroxine, the deficiency of which causes the symptoms of hypothyroidismPronunciation
/ˌhaɪpəˈθaɪrɔɪdɪzəm, -poʊ-/[1][2]
SpecialtyEndocrinologySymptomsPoor ability to tolerate cold, feeling tired, constipation, depression, weight gain[3]ComplicationsDuring pregnancy can result in cretinism in the baby[4]Usual onset> 60 years old[3]CausesIodine deficiency, Hashimoto's thyroiditis[3]Diagnostic methodBlood tests (thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine)[3]Differential diagnosisDepression, dementia, heart failure, chronic fatigue syndrome[5]PreventionSalt iodization[6]TreatmentLevothyroxine[3]Frequency0.3–0.4% (USA)[7]
Worldwide, too little iodine in the diet is the most common cause of hypothyroidism.[7][8]In countries with enough iodine in the diet, the most common cause of hypothyroidism is the autoimmune condition Hashimoto's thyroiditis.[3] Less common causes include: previous treatment with radioactive iodine, injury to the hypothalamus or the anterior pituitary gland, certain medications, a lack of a functioning thyroid at birth, or previous thyroid surgery.[3][9] The diagnosis of hypothyroidism, when suspected, can be confirmed with blood tests measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxinelevels.[3]
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