What is a mega project ? Give an example and write it's advantage and disadvantage ?
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According to the Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management, "Megaprojects are large-scale, complex ventures that typically cost $1 billion or more, take many years to develop and build, involve multiple public and private stakeholders, are transformational, and impact millions of people".However, $1 billion is not a constraint in defining megaprojects; in some contexts a relative approach is needed, such as in developing countries, where a much smaller project (such as one with a $100 million budget) could constitute a megaproject. Therefore, a more general definition is "Megaprojects are temporary endeavours (i.e. projects) characterized by: large investment commitment, vast complexity (especially in organizational terms), and long-lasting impact on the economy, the environment, and society".
According to the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST), megaprojects are characterized both by "extreme complexity (both in technical and human terms) and by a long record of poor delivery". Megaprojects attract a lot of public attention because of substantial impacts on communities, environment, and budgets, and the high costs involved.Megaprojects can also be defined as "initiatives that are physical, very expensive, and public". Bent Flyvbjerg, a professor at the Saïd Business School of the University of Oxford says that globally, megaprojects make up 8 percent of total global GDP.
Advantages of multipurpose project:-
1)used to generate hydroelectricity.
2) it supplies water for the domestic and industrial purpose.
3) it helps to control flood.
4) it provide recreation facilities/picnic/boating.
5) they are also for land navigation.
6) useful for pisciculture.
Disadvantages:-
1) multipurpose project affects the natural flow of water.
2) it cause the excessive sediments at the bottom of the river which makes stream beds rockier.
3) it causes the poor habitat of aquatic life.multi purpose projects causes no migration of aquatic fauna.
4) the dam submerged the vegetation and soil at the both of the bank of the river and causes flood plains.
5)multi purpose projects also causes new social movement like Narmada bachao andolan.
According to the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST), megaprojects are characterized both by "extreme complexity (both in technical and human terms) and by a long record of poor delivery". Megaprojects attract a lot of public attention because of substantial impacts on communities, environment, and budgets, and the high costs involved.Megaprojects can also be defined as "initiatives that are physical, very expensive, and public". Bent Flyvbjerg, a professor at the Saïd Business School of the University of Oxford says that globally, megaprojects make up 8 percent of total global GDP.
Advantages of multipurpose project:-
1)used to generate hydroelectricity.
2) it supplies water for the domestic and industrial purpose.
3) it helps to control flood.
4) it provide recreation facilities/picnic/boating.
5) they are also for land navigation.
6) useful for pisciculture.
Disadvantages:-
1) multipurpose project affects the natural flow of water.
2) it cause the excessive sediments at the bottom of the river which makes stream beds rockier.
3) it causes the poor habitat of aquatic life.multi purpose projects causes no migration of aquatic fauna.
4) the dam submerged the vegetation and soil at the both of the bank of the river and causes flood plains.
5)multi purpose projects also causes new social movement like Narmada bachao andolan.
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