Question

what is artifical selection ?

Answer 1

The selection of Superior individuals by the breeder (Plant breeder or Animal breeder)to be the parents of next generation to improve the performance of progenies is known as Artificial Selection. The individuals in the population for a trait which are far above in their performance from the population mean are given priority to be the parents of next generation. By the artificial selection, the maximum genetic gain (Response) can be achieved. The genetic gain depends on the selection differential and the heritability of the trait.
Respose or genetic gain = Heritability x selection differential
1.If heritability of traits is higher (as in case of production traits ) ,the selection response will be higher.
2.Selection differential = Mean of selected individuals - Population mean before artificial selection. If Selection differential is higher, the genetic gain from artificial selection will also be higher.Though I explained from Animal Breeding point yet I hope it helps, as I tried to make it simple. Thanks.