Question

What is Bile? How bile pigment are formed? Write the role of bile in digestion ​

Answer 1

Answer:

• Bile is a fluid that is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps with digestion. It breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract .

• The bile pigments are formed by decomposition of the porphyrin ring and contain a chain of four pyrrole rings. Bilirubin, for example, the brownish yellow pigment that gives feces its characteristic colour, is the end product of the breakdown of heme from destroyed red blood cells.
• Bile contains bile acids, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. Many waste products, including bilirubin, are eliminated from the body by secretion into bile and elimination in feces.

Answer 2

Answer:

Bile is a greenish yellow, alkaline fluid secreted by the liver and stored in a pear-shaped thin-walled bladder named- gall bladder, present on the lower surface of the right lobe of the liver.

Explanation:

• The bile is secreted by the hepatic cells that contain more water(97%) and does not contain mucous.
• The hepatic bile has a pH of 8.6 and the gall bladder bile has a pH of 7.6

• The bile contains mainly two types of pigments namely Bilirubin (golden-yellow- present in human bile) and Biliverdin (green) formed by the breakdown of haemoglobin of worn-out R.B.Cs. These are of no functional importance.

• Accumulation of bilirubin in body fluids causes the disease of Jaundice where the skin becomes yellow.

The role of bile in digestion: ​

• 1. Bile is alkaline, due to the presence of sodium carbonate. So it stops the action of gastric juice by neutralising HCI i.e. neutralises acidic chyme in the stomach and creates an optimum environment for enzyme action in the small intestine).

• 2. It acts as an antiseptic fluid and prevents harmful bacterial contamination.

• 3. It emulsifies fat. Bile salts break down fat into fine droplets which increase lipase action on fat.

• 4. The emulsified fat is converted into fatty acid and glycerol by the pancreatic enzyme, lipase.

• 5. Bile salts activate the secretion of pancreatic lipase.

• 6. It stimulates peristalsis in the stomach.

• 7. It serves as a medium for the excretion of bilirubin, and drugs through faeces.

• 8. Bile salts help in the absorption of vitamin K and fat-soluble vitamins.

• 9. It helps in the absorption of fats.

• Besides its normal function, it is excretory and removes drugs, toxins, copper, zinc, mercury etc. It colours and decolourizes the faeces.

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