what is harvesting how harvesting is done in india
Answers
Answer:
What is harvesting?
Harvesting is the process of gathering a ripe crop from the fields. Reaping is the cutting of grain or pulse for harvest, typically using a scythe, sickle, or reaper. On smaller farms with minimal mechanization, harvesting is the most labor-intensive activity of the growing season.
How is harvesting done in India ?
Harvesting in India is generally done manually. Sicles is a tool that is used to cut the crop. This method is a laborious and time-consuming and only suitable for small-sized farms. On larger farms, a harvester is used which combines harvesting with threshing and winnowing.
Explanation:
Harvesting is the operation of gathering the useful part or parts of the plant and is carried out at the time when all the nutrients have developed and the edible parts have reached the appropriate degree of maturity.
Harvesting of pulse crops is generally done by hand with simple farming implements like sickle or by machines when the pods are ripe but not yet open. To harvest the pulse crops by hand, the plants are pulled up and allowed to pre-dry in the sun. This operation should be done early in the morning, while the dampness of the night minimizes the risk of shattering losses. In some places, before the harvest, the plants are treated with chemical defoliants. This treatment is intended to hasten drying of the plants and reduce the quantity of plant matter to prevent its slowing up threshing operations. On an average, it takes about 80-100 man-hours per hectare to cut the plants by sickle.
Mechanized harvesting of legumes is usually done with combine-harvesters designed for wheat but adapted for pulses crops. However, it be used only in large fields and that too which has been levelled before sowing and then planted with varieties which are erect in nature and reach maturity simultaneously. The capacity of these machines generally varies from 0.9– 1.1 h/ha. Mechanized harvesting in case of pulse crops is minimal due to unavailability of mechanical harvesters at affordable price. However, some designs of reapers are available which can be used for harvesting of chickpea. The use of such machines should be encouraged to cut down the cost of harvesting and thereby reducing the cost of production.
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