what is Indian Election System
Answers
Election system in India is UNIQUE, ever evolving and confusingly clear, Election system in India is based on Adult Franchise and multi party. Any citizen of the country who is 18 yrs and above can vote - chose his representative. One lacuna is the first past the post - the one who gets the maximum votes wins. So when votes are split and winning candidate may not have the majority supporting him. For example the current dispensation got 31% of the votes cast and still rules. Same was the conditions earlier when parties who got less than 25% rules for years.
Seeing the low literacy levels symbols were kept for the candidates and registered parties and people were asked to vote using these symbols. Parties at times tried to get the subtle feelings or associations - like the Congress had the 2 bullocks , later on cow and calf as their symbol , before coming to Hand - but cow has significant religious importance and could have helped them get votes.
Election commission of India was a one man institution - led by CEC . Now it is a three member panel - who impartially not only decides the election dates and enforces the model code of conduct but also deploys the government resources to conduct fair and free polls. Candidates cannot ask for votes in name of caste, creed, region, or influence voters by direct bribery. All said and done the elections involving the largest electorate in the world is a spectre to watch out for and one of its kind in the world.
According to the Constitution of India, elections for the Parliament and the State Legislative Assemblies should take place every five years, unless a state of emergency has been declared. Any vacancy caused by death or resignation must be filled through an election within six months of the occurrence of such a vacancy. The elections to the lower houses (in Parliament and in the states) use the first-past-the-post electoral system (i.e. the candidate with the majority of the votes wins the election).
Elections to one-third of the seats of the upper house of the Parliament, the Rajya Sabha are conducted every two years. The members of the upper house are elected indirectly by the state legislative assemblies based on proportional representation. Members of the state legislative councils (in states having an upper house) are elected indirectly through local bodies.
All the elections at the central and state level are conducted by the Election Commission of India while local body elections are conducted by state election commissions. The recommendation is made by the Government and the notification for election is issued by the Election Commission.
The 2014 general election involved an electorate of 863,500,000 people. It was conducted in nine stages.[1][2] The expenditure for the 2014 election was approximately 3765 crore. The cost per voter was Rs 1375.[3] Votes were cast using over one million electronic voting machines.[4] In the 2014 election, the National Democratic Alliance led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) came to power. The BJP secured a majority of 282 seats. Narendra Modi of the BJP became Prime Minister of India.
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