What is nerve cell? Explain in detail with the help of the diagram?
Answers
A human body is made up f number of cells. A nerve cell is defined as the cells of nervous system, which controls all types of body activities. The nerve cells are specialized cells, which transmits message from one part to another part of the body. All cellular organisms have evolved a coordinating system by which messages can be received and transmitted very rapidly to organs, enabling them to respond to an environmental change. The system which is responsible for this process is called as nervous system. The functional units of nervous system are nerve cell.
Nerve cells are classified based on the type of the message they transmits
Sensory nerve cell - The nerve cell that transfer the information about stimuli such as light, heat or chemicals from both inside and outside of our body to our central nervous system.
Motor nerve cell 0- The nerve cell that passes the instructions from our central nervous system to other parts of our body. For example – to muscles or to our glands
Association nerve cell- The nerve cell, which connects to our sensory and motor neurons.
Nerve Cell FunctionBack to Top
Communication and coordination,
Sensory nerves, which carries the message to brain.
Allows us to react to a stimulus.
They conduct electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body.
It carries messages from other neurons to a cell body.
Nerve Cell Parts and Functions
Dendrites - A branching fibers with a surface lined with synaptic receptors, which is responsible for receiving the information from other neurons. It also collects and stores all incoming information from axon terminals.
Axon - It carries the impulses away from the cell.
Soma - It contains the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosome, and other structures found in nerve cells. It is also responsible for the metabolic work of the neuron.
Presynaptic Terminals - They are the end points of an axon, which is responsible for releasing chemicals to communicate with other neuron
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