Question

what is node in orbital? please explain it thoroughly

Answer 1

now we know that the orbital wave function or Sai of an electron in an atom has no physical meaning. it is simply a mathematical function of the coordinates of the electron. however for different orbitals the plot of corresponding wave functions as a function of r ( the distance from nucleus) are different.
according to German physicist Max born the square of the wave function at a point give the probability density of the electron at that point. the variation of Sai square as a function of R for 1S and 2s orbital is given in the figure. Here again you mean note that the cause for 1S and 2s orbital the different.
it may be noted that for 1S orbital the probability density is maximum at the nucleus and it decreases sharply as you move away from it on the other hand for 2s orbital the probability density first decreases sharply to zero and then again starts increasing after reaching the small maxima and decreases again and approaches zero as the value of r increases further the region where this probability density function reduces to zero is called nodal surface or simply nodes. in general it has been found that n s orbital has (n - 1 )nodes that is number of nodes increase with increase of principal quantum number and in other words the number of nodes for 2s orbital is 1, 2 for 3S and so on.
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