what is radioactivity write the uses of radioactive isotopes in various fields in detail What are hazard of radioactive substances and radiation
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Uses:-
• Irradiation of Food
The radiation emitted by some radioactive substances can be used to kill microorganisms on a variety of foodstuffs, extending the shelf life of these products.
•Medical Applications
Radioactive isotopes have numerous medical applications—diagnosing and treating illness and diseases. One example of a diagnostic application is using radioactive iodine-131 to test for thyroid activity
Some Isotope Uses;
32P - cancer detection and treatment, especially in eyes and skin
59Fe - anemia diagnosis
60Co - gamma ray irradiation of tumors
99mTc*- brain, thyroid, liver, bone marrow, lung, heart, and intestinal scanning; blood volume determination
131I - diagnosis and treatment of thyroid function
133Xe - lung imaging
198Au - liver disease diagnosis
Hazards:-
Exposure to large amounts of radioactivity can cause nausea, vomiting, hair loss, diarrhea, hemorrhage, destruction of the intestinal lining, central nervous system damage, and death. It also causes DNA damage and raises the risk of cancer, particularly in young children and fetuses.
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