Question

What is the basic structure of DNA?

Answer 1

Answer:

DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic code. Human DNA has around 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of those bases are the same in all people, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).

Answer 2

Answer:

• DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C).

• Deoxyribonucleotide Acid or DNA is a polynucleotide made of repeated units of nucleotide. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group attached to the 5' end of the deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base attached to the 1' end of the same sugar.

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➠ The structure of DNA shows the following features:

• It is a double helical structure.
• The helices are wound around each other in a right-handed fashion and are linked by the hydrogen bonds between the bases.
• The backbone of the helix is made up of phosphate and deoxyribose sugar.
• There are around 10 bases in each turn of the helix.
• The strands are anti-parallel, one runs in 5'-3' and the other runs in 3'-5'.
• The pitch of the DNA is 3.32 nm.

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