Question

What is the main features of well irrigation in india

Answer 1

Well irrigation is gradually giving way to energized tube wells. Though in India, there are many wells still in use where electricity has no arrived.

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Answer 2

A well is a hole dug in the ground to obtain the subsoil water. An ordinary well is about 3-5 metres deep but deeper wells up-to 15 metres are also dug.  

This method of irrigation has been used in India from time immemorial. Various methods are used to lift the ground water from the well for irrigation, drinking, bathing and for other purposes. Some of the widely used methods are the persian wheel, reht, charas or mot, and dhinghly (lever).

Distribution of Wells

Well irrigation is popular in areas where sufficient sweet ground water is available. These areas include a large part of the Great Northern Plain, the deltaic regions of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Cauvery, parts of the Narmada and the Tapi valleys and the weathered layers of the Deccan Trap and crystalline rocks and the sedimentary zones of the Peninsula.

However, the greater part of the Penisnular India is not suitable for well irrigation due to rocky structure, uneven surface and lack of underground water. Large dry tracts of Rajasthan, the adjoining parts of Punjab, Haryana, and Gujarat and some parts of Uttar Pradesh have brackish ground water which is not fit for irrigation and human consumption and hence unsuitable for well irrigation.