Question

What is the principal of spectroscopy?

Answer 1

Answer:

The term "spectroscopy" defines a large number of techniques that use radiation to obtain information on the structure and properties of matter. The basic principle shared by all spectroscopic techniques is to shine a beam of electromagnetic radiation onto a sample, and observe how it responds to such a stimulus.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Spectroscopy;

The branch of science concerned with the investigation and measurement of spectra produced when matter interacts with or emits electromagnetic radiation.

Principle:-

They are different for different spectroscopies. Spectroscopy is the measurement and interpretation of electromagnetic radiation which is absorbed or emitted by atoms of a sample.

This absorption or emission happens when the atoms of the sample move from one energy state to another in the presence of light.

In other words, it is a science which studies how light interacts with matter.

Light is electromagnetic radiation which is made up of discrete particles called photons.

This light has two characters as wavelength and frequency.

In short, the wavelength is the distance between two crests or troughs while frequency is the number of wavelength units passing through a unit time.

Wavelength is represented by ‘λ,’ and the frequency is denoted by ‘ν.’

Natural light is a combination of many spectra. These spectra are the light rays of different wavelengths and frequency.

The spectra used in spectroscopy varies from ultra-violet, visible, infrared ranges. The wavelength range for the three spectra is 0-400, 400-700 and above.

Working:-

Here's how a spectrophotometer works.

• A lamp provides the source of light. The beam of light strikes the diffraction grating, which works like a prism and separates the light into its component wavelengths.
• The grating is rotated so that only a specific wavelength of light reaches the exit slit. Then the light interacts with the sample. From this point, the detector measures the transmittance and absorbance of the sample.
• Transmittance refers to the amount of light that passes completely through the sample and strikes the detector.
• Absorbance is a measurement of light that is absorbed by the sample.
• The detector senses the light being transmitted through the sample and converts this information into a digital display.

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