Question

What was the biggest challenge in front of India just after independence?

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation: India faced huge challenge in terms of social, economic and political front soon after its independence. Some of the problems are explained below.

Refugee Crisis: Independence brought itself the problem of refugee. Around 5.5 million Non Muslim entered India during mid 1948 similarly a huge number of Muslims left the country for Pakistan.

Assets Division: India and Pakistan had witnessed high tension over the division of assets. As per the Indo- Pakistan financial settlement of 1947 India was supposed to shell out  Rs 55 crores as Pakistan`s share of the assets.

Kashmir Problem: Kashmir became the bone of contention ever since the independence because of its strategic location. While majority of the population, nearly 75% were Muslims but the Maharaja of Kashmir Hari Singh was a Hindu. The Maharaja wanted to stay independent as he was apprehensive about communalism in Pakistan and democracy in India.

Establishing of the Indian Democracy:  India experienced its first general elections in 1952 was a regarded as a  landmark event in its history. This ushered the foundation of the Indian democracy.  The election was carried out from October 1951 to February 1952 in which the Congress party secured more than 70% of the total votes polled.

Reorganization of Linguistic: The boundaries established of the British Indian provinces were done in a haphazard manner. It failed to keep in mind to the linguistic and cultural cohesion. Nearly every provinces were multicultural and multilingual and many former princely states were merged with them. Demand for linguistically homogeneous provinces soon gathered pace.

The Indus Water Dispute:  The river Indus along with its tributaries flowed through both India and Pakistan. Both the West India and the West Pakistan dependent on the river and its tributaries for power ,water and irrigation.

Hope this helps.

Answer 2

The biggest challenge in front of India just after independence was to maintain the communal harmony as there were communal riots in the country, and the other important challenge was to improve the socioeconomic conditions of the country.

EXPLANATION:  

• After around 200 years of British rule India gained her independence on 15th August 1947 but the happiness of independence was tainted because country was partitioned and there was widespread bloodshed because of communal riots.
• So, the immediate problem of the interim government was to convince the Muslims of India that they should not have fear in this country, that the harmony between them is still present, to promote the ideals of communal harmony was the immediate concern of the government.
• Second, when the British left India, India was not having a proper socio-economic conditions and to improve this steps were immediately taken by the government. It was followed by other issues like poverty and caste discrimination.