what was the reason to lake place dandi March and what reaction comes after that
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CIRCUMSTANCES LEADING TO DANDI MARCH:
During colonial rule, salt production and distribution in India used to be controlled by the British government. Through a series of legislation, Indians were prohibited from producing and selling salt independently, instead, the general Indian population was required to buy heavily taxed imported salt. Majority of the population living in poverty at that time could not afford expensive salt. Therefore, salt taxation and production became a contentious issue in Colonial times. Gandhi through his Dandi March tried to protest against the regressive policies of the British Government and arouse the people of India to fight against the colonialism and its evils through non-violent means. This was the immediate reason for the Dandi March. However, it was a response to British governments increasing exploitations through various repressive laws and taxes and its inability to listen to the voices of the people suffering under the exploitative colonial regime. This March was supposed to demonstrate the ‘soul force’ of the Satyagrahis against the Raj. The non-violent protest march was supposed to be a form of direct action, which demonstrated the strength, and resolve of the people.
PURPOSE OF DANDI MARCH:
As mentioned above, British Raj had a monopoly over the production and sale of salt in India. The salt laws prohibited Indians from producing or selling salt without prior permission from the Government. Salt was an important ingredient in the everyday diet of the people. This ban on salt sale and production seemed unreasonable and repressive. The salt laws were something, which affected the entire population of the country. Gandhiji was able to understand the overall system of exploitation and repression under the British Raj of which salt law was an example. Gandhi conceived the plan of launching a salt Satyagraha that would make people aware of the repressive regime of British at the same time would instill in the people confidence to defy British Raj. The non-violent means of protest by marching from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi would try to arouse the consciousness of people against the exploitation of the government. Salt Satyagraha provided the opportunity to unite the nation together for a cause that affected everyone. The purpose of the Salt March was not only to act in defiance of the salt laws enacted by the government but also to unite the people for the larger goal of ‘Swaraj’.
AFTERMATH OF DANDI MARCH (SALT MARCH):
Gandhiji’s salt satyagraha led to series of similar movement across the country, defiance of salt laws started everywhere. C. Rajagopalachari in Tamil Nadu led a movement in defiance of salt laws, similar movements took place in Bengal, Andhra, and other places. Government’s initial decision to not arrest Gandhi for breaking the salt laws let to the formation of a popular opinion that government was afraid of such movements. Jawaharlal Nehru’s arrest on 14th April 1930, for defiance of salt laws, led to massive protest and demonstration in all major cities at that time. The arrest of Congress leaders in North-West Frontier Province led to a mass demonstration in Peshawar. Finally, Gandhi was arrested on the midnight of 4-5 May. News of his arrest stirred thousands of people to join the movement. Leaders like Sarojini Naidu continued the movement where they had to suffer police brutality. The Satyagraha continued for a year until Gandhi was released from jail. Finally, Gandhi was released in January 1931 and began negotiations with Lord Irwin regarding the Satyagraha. Gandhi-Irwin pact was signed on 5th March 1931, this led Gandhi to attend the second round table conference in London.
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