What were the main features of Harappa?
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1. The main towns of Indus valley civilization were Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Kalibangan, Lothal. 2. The significant features of Indus Valley civilization are personal cleanliness, town planning, construction of burnt-brick houses, ceramics, casting, forging of metals, manufacturing of cotton and woolen textiles.
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Answer : Some features of Harappa civilization:
1. Harappa civilization belongs to Bronze age
2. It was dominated by the peasants and merchants and thus also called as an agro-commercial civilization.
3. On the basis of Radio carbon dating Harappa can be dated to 3000 BC – 1750 BC
4. Most commendable part is town planning which was divided into two, viz Citadels (occupied by ruling class) and lower town inhabited by common people
5. Town planning was based on grid system. Burnt bricks were used to construct houses. Well managed drainage system and fortified citadels are some of the extra features
6. No Iron implements were found
7. Highly urbanized society
8. Wheat and Barley were cultivated on large scale. Other crops grown were pulses, cotton, cereals and sesame for oil. Sesame oil may have been exported to Sumeria. In Sumerian language Sesame oil was called Ellu and Sesame is called Ellu in Tamil and few Dravidian languages.
9. Animals known were oxen, sheep, buffaloes, goats, pigs, elephants, dogs, cats, mules and camels.
10. Unicorn found to be a mythical animal depicted on seals indicate how different are they from present religious faiths.
11. Animals depicted may indicate either a clan or deity Murugan. Murugu in many Dravidian languages means animal and a beautiful child. Receptacle kept in front of animal may have been used as a sacrificial feast. This receptacle was called PIRAPPU in Tamil.
12. Excellent network of internal and external trade.
13. Harappa people had a their own weighing and measurement system
14. Dead Bodies were buried or cremated in North-South Orientation.
15. Greatest artistic work of Harappa culture were the steatite seals. Script is pictographic in nature and followed Boustrophedon system in writing.
1. Harappa civilization belongs to Bronze age
2. It was dominated by the peasants and merchants and thus also called as an agro-commercial civilization.
3. On the basis of Radio carbon dating Harappa can be dated to 3000 BC – 1750 BC
4. Most commendable part is town planning which was divided into two, viz Citadels (occupied by ruling class) and lower town inhabited by common people
5. Town planning was based on grid system. Burnt bricks were used to construct houses. Well managed drainage system and fortified citadels are some of the extra features
6. No Iron implements were found
7. Highly urbanized society
8. Wheat and Barley were cultivated on large scale. Other crops grown were pulses, cotton, cereals and sesame for oil. Sesame oil may have been exported to Sumeria. In Sumerian language Sesame oil was called Ellu and Sesame is called Ellu in Tamil and few Dravidian languages.
9. Animals known were oxen, sheep, buffaloes, goats, pigs, elephants, dogs, cats, mules and camels.
10. Unicorn found to be a mythical animal depicted on seals indicate how different are they from present religious faiths.
11. Animals depicted may indicate either a clan or deity Murugan. Murugu in many Dravidian languages means animal and a beautiful child. Receptacle kept in front of animal may have been used as a sacrificial feast. This receptacle was called PIRAPPU in Tamil.
12. Excellent network of internal and external trade.
13. Harappa people had a their own weighing and measurement system
14. Dead Bodies were buried or cremated in North-South Orientation.
15. Greatest artistic work of Harappa culture were the steatite seals. Script is pictographic in nature and followed Boustrophedon system in writing.
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