Question

Which feature maintains a high concentration gradient of gases in the ventilation system?

Answer 1

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A ventilation system is needed to maintain the concentration gradients of gases in the alveoli. Diffusion of gases occurs due to the concentration gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood. The body needs to get rid of carbon dioxide which is a product of cell respiration and needs to take in oxygen as it is needed for cell respiration to make ATP. There must be a low concentration of carbon dioxide in the alveoli so that carbon dioxide can diffuse out of the blood in the capillaries and into the alveoli. Also there must be a high concentration of oxygen in the in the alveoli so that oxygen can diffuse into the blood in the capillaries from the alveoli. The ventilation system makes this possible by getting rid of the carbon dioxide in the alveoli and bringing in more oxygen.