Question

Which method of purification is represented by the following equation ?
$Ti(s) + 2I_2(g) \xrightarrow[]{523K} TiI_4(g) \xrightarrow[]{1700K} Ti(s) + 2I_2(g)$
(a) Zone refining
(b) Cupellation
(c) Polling
(d) Van Arkel

Answer 1

The method of purification is represented by the following equation is Van Arkel.

Explanation:

Van Arkel method is used to prepare ultra pure elements by removing all the oxygen and nitrogen present in the form of impurity in certain metals such as zirconium and titanium which are used in space technology.

In this method, crude titanium metal is heated in an evacuated vessel with iodine at high temperatures to form titanium tetra iodide which is then decomposed over tungsten filament to give pure titanium.

$Ti(s)+2I_2{g)\rightarrow TiI_4(g)$

$TiI_4(g)\rightarrow Ti(s)+2I_2(g)$

Zone refining is used when impuritioes are more soluble in molten state than in the solid state of the metal.

Cupellation is used for noble metals, like gold and silver, where they are treated under very high temperatures.

Polling is used when metals contain their own oxides as impurity.

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