who was mohenjodaro and all his history
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Mohenjodaro is not the name of a person....
In the late 1820s, a British explorer in India named Charles Masson stumbled across some mysterious ruins and brick mounds, the first evidence of the lost city of Harappa. Thirty years later, in 1856, railway engineers found more bricks, which were carted off before continuing the railway construction. In the 1920s, archaeologists finally began to excavate and uncover the sites of Harappa and Mohenjodaro. The long-forgotten Indus Valley civilization had, at last, been discovered.
In the late 1820s, a British explorer in India named Charles Masson stumbled across some mysterious ruins and brick mounds, the first evidence of the lost city of Harappa. Thirty years later, in 1856, railway engineers found more bricks, which were carted off before continuing the railway construction. In the 1920s, archaeologists finally began to excavate and uncover the sites of Harappa and Mohenjodaro. The long-forgotten Indus Valley civilization had, at last, been discovered.
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Mohenjo Daro is a famous site of excavation located in the Sind province of Pakistan that bears the archeological remains of the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the oldest urban settlements of the world considered to be contemporaneous with the very ancient civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Minoa and Norte Chico.
Mohenjo Daro
Based on carbon dating and the archeological findings, History says that a well developed city based civilization thrived in Mohenjo Daro around 2500 BCE (4500 years back) and survived for a thousand years, which remained unknown till the site was excavated in 1921. History says the twin factors supporting the civilization were the fertile soils of the Indus River basin and the trade with the Mesapatomia civilization.
Urban Civilization
The top highlights of the city planning excavated in this site are the well planned street grids and a well developed drainage system. These aspects attest the urban planning skills and the controlled use of water by the occupants. However, during a later date around the third millennium, who had occupied the city is a question unresolved to this day.
Salient Features Mohenjo Daro
We do not see any palaces, temples or monuments in the excavated city of Mohenjo Daro. Evidences in history do not point out to any ruling figure such as a king or queen or a ruling system. There are strong evidences to suggest that the occupants highly preferred order, modesty and cleanliness. Crafts and vessels had made extensive use of pottery, copper and stone.
Salient Features
The discovery of seals and weights from the remains of the layout presuppose the presence of a tightly standardized trade system. The construction made of baked bricks and the artifacts made of ivory, lapis, carnelian and gold beads are a proof of a prosperous and advanced civilization.
The Great Bath
Archeologists have discovered a watertight pool system labeled as Great Bath. This is assumed to be a public place with several rooms to bath around the established pool. Probably this could be a religious place or a place of gathering which is not known to us. However, the ideology based on cleanliness is well attested as there were wells throughout the city and every house had a bathing are and a well developed drainage system.
The City of Mounds
For the first time, archeologists’ team visited in 1911. Several excavations happened starting from 1920 running through 1931 later from 1950 to 1964. The city was built on a series of mounds with the entire city sitting on an elevated ground spreading over 250 acres about 2500 to 1900 B.C. The Great Bath and the large building connected to it were located on the tallest of the mounds discovered.
The City of Mounds
Some archeologists say the mounds developed in the locations of buildings as people continued to construct the platforms and walls for their houses. Since there is evidence of ruling class, history suggests that the elites of the mounds or the elected representatives would have administered the city.
Valuable Artifacts
Some of the notable artifacts discovered during excavations include the famed nude bronze image of a dancing girl, a few stone idols of male figures intricately carved and colored as the one named as Priest King and many others suggesting the maturity of sculpture and metallurgy.
Valuable Artifacts
Historians say almost all the artifacts remaining in the site are found voluntarily mutilated probably by those who occupied the city later suggesting their violent hatred for all that the civilization represented.
The End of an Era
Till date, history is not able to arrive at a common factor that would have put an end to the civilization either natural like flood or earthquake or manmade like a foreign invasion. However, the much developed kind of civilization pointed out by the remains is a matter that evokes wonder.
Mohenjo Daro
Based on carbon dating and the archeological findings, History says that a well developed city based civilization thrived in Mohenjo Daro around 2500 BCE (4500 years back) and survived for a thousand years, which remained unknown till the site was excavated in 1921. History says the twin factors supporting the civilization were the fertile soils of the Indus River basin and the trade with the Mesapatomia civilization.
Urban Civilization
The top highlights of the city planning excavated in this site are the well planned street grids and a well developed drainage system. These aspects attest the urban planning skills and the controlled use of water by the occupants. However, during a later date around the third millennium, who had occupied the city is a question unresolved to this day.
Salient Features Mohenjo Daro
We do not see any palaces, temples or monuments in the excavated city of Mohenjo Daro. Evidences in history do not point out to any ruling figure such as a king or queen or a ruling system. There are strong evidences to suggest that the occupants highly preferred order, modesty and cleanliness. Crafts and vessels had made extensive use of pottery, copper and stone.
Salient Features
The discovery of seals and weights from the remains of the layout presuppose the presence of a tightly standardized trade system. The construction made of baked bricks and the artifacts made of ivory, lapis, carnelian and gold beads are a proof of a prosperous and advanced civilization.
The Great Bath
Archeologists have discovered a watertight pool system labeled as Great Bath. This is assumed to be a public place with several rooms to bath around the established pool. Probably this could be a religious place or a place of gathering which is not known to us. However, the ideology based on cleanliness is well attested as there were wells throughout the city and every house had a bathing are and a well developed drainage system.
The City of Mounds
For the first time, archeologists’ team visited in 1911. Several excavations happened starting from 1920 running through 1931 later from 1950 to 1964. The city was built on a series of mounds with the entire city sitting on an elevated ground spreading over 250 acres about 2500 to 1900 B.C. The Great Bath and the large building connected to it were located on the tallest of the mounds discovered.
The City of Mounds
Some archeologists say the mounds developed in the locations of buildings as people continued to construct the platforms and walls for their houses. Since there is evidence of ruling class, history suggests that the elites of the mounds or the elected representatives would have administered the city.
Valuable Artifacts
Some of the notable artifacts discovered during excavations include the famed nude bronze image of a dancing girl, a few stone idols of male figures intricately carved and colored as the one named as Priest King and many others suggesting the maturity of sculpture and metallurgy.
Valuable Artifacts
Historians say almost all the artifacts remaining in the site are found voluntarily mutilated probably by those who occupied the city later suggesting their violent hatred for all that the civilization represented.
The End of an Era
Till date, history is not able to arrive at a common factor that would have put an end to the civilization either natural like flood or earthquake or manmade like a foreign invasion. However, the much developed kind of civilization pointed out by the remains is a matter that evokes wonder.
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