Why diamond is a hard substance
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The molecular structure of a diamond makes it hard, as diamonds are comprised of carbon atoms linked closely together in a lattice structure.The atoms are linked tightly via covalent bonds wherein two atoms share an electron. A tetrahedral unit is composed of five carbon atoms, with one carbon atom sharing electrons with the other four. An extremely strong molecule is formed from the tetrahedral bonding of five carbon atoms.
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The heat and pressure causes the diamonds molecules to change so that they're so close together, the molecules can't move (known as covalent bonding). The closeness of these molecules forms a rigid bond, therefore making the diamond hard
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