Question

why Ethanol is more soluble in water than ethyl chloride

Answer 1

Since ethanol has a hydrogen atom which is directly attached to an electronegative oxygen atom. Therefore the said hydrogen atom can form a weak bond with the other electronegative oxygen atom of water. This weak bond is known as hydrogen bond. Also the hydrogen atom of water can form a hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom of ethanol. Therefore ethanol and water remain associated by hydrogen bonding and hence are soluble.
whereas no such hydrogen atom directly attached to an electronegative atom is there in ethyl chloride. Therefore hydrogen bonding with water is not possible and hence they remain associated only because of the small vander waal's attraction between them. For this reason ethyl chloride is less soluble in water