Why o-nitrophenol are more steam volatile than p-nitrophenol?
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o-Nitrophenol forms intramolecular H bond whereas molecules of p-Nitrophenol get associated through intermolecular H bond. During boiling, the strong intermolecular H bonding increases the boiling point but intramolecular H bonding cannot do so. Therefore, o-Nitrophenol is more steam volatile than p-Nitrophenol.
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Explanation:
When both the compounds are boiled, the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding increases the boiling point. Therefore o-nitrophenol has less boiling point and is more steam volatile than p-nitrophenol.
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