Why stability of dihalides increases down the carbon family?
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Because the covalent bond strength decreases with increasing atomic size and greater-than-expected ionization energies due to an increase in Zeff, the stability of the +2 oxidation state increases from carbon to lead. The tendency to form multiple bonds and to catenate decreases as the atomic number increases
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Due to the inert pair effect (the reluctance of ns2 electrons of outermost shell to participate in bonding), the stability of M2+ ions (of group IV elements) increases as we go down the group.
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