why the openings of Vena cava and Pulmonary vein close during the atrial systole
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The atrium (Latin ātrium, “entry hall”) is the upper chamber through which blood enters the ventricles of the heart. There are two atria in the human heart – the left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary (lung) circulation, and the right atrium receives blood from the venae cavae (venous circulation). The atria receive blood while relaxed (diastole), then contract (systole) to move blood to the ventricles. All animals with a closed circulatory system have at least one atrium. Humans have two atries
The atrium was formerly called the "auricle"; that term is still used to describe this chamber in some other animals, such as the Mollusca.
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