Question

Why viruses are exception from five kingdoms classification? Explain in details

Answer 1

The five kingdom classification was introduced by R.H. Whittaker (given in 1961), profoundly an American taxonomist, he divided all the organism into five kingdoms. As the viruses are on the borderline of the living beings and nonliving beings, they have been left out. In order to provide a phylogenetic classification, Whittaker has used the five criteria for delimiting the different kingdoms.
1) Complexity of the cell structure, the procaryotic and eucaryotic entities.
2) Complexity of the body structure or structural organisation, unicellular and multicellualar.
3) The mode of nutrition which is divergent in a multicellular kingdom- photoautotrophy in plantae, absorptive heterotrophy in fungi and investive heterotrophy in animalia.
The virus is a nucleoprotein entity which is able to utilise the synthetic machinery of a living cell of another organism for its own benefit of multiplication which never involves the growth factor and its actual division.
Virus is hence, known as an olbigste parasite. It is inert outside the cell making it a nonliving thing the inert viruses are known as virion. The reason of not being selected to the five kingdoms classification was its deviation towards the nonliving and living characteristics which made it differ for a long time. They don't have a biosynthetic or a proper machinery for its function which makes no system to able to perform, synthesise and liberate chemical or heat energy. It can be crystallised and stored for a long indefinite period of time, making it easier fro virologists to study the 3-D Crystallographic and the pure images of the structure along with the use of it.
Much more details have been given in my previously answered questions, by referring them, they itslef include the theoretical (often scarification of scientific claims) or true readings, they satisfy the criteria for the rejection to this five kingdom classification.

Answer 2

Hello!!

Here is your answer.
$\large{\mathbf{\red {Virus :}}}$
The name 'Virus' means vinom or poisonous fluid. It was given by Pasteur. In 1892, D. J. Ivanowsky recognized certain microbes which cause mosaic disease of tobacco. These were found to be smaller than bacteria because they passed through the filters that were bacteria-proof.
Viruses did not find place in classification since they are not truely living. They don't have cellular structure. Viruses are considered as connecting link between living and non living organisms. We know that molecules inside cell always show some movement. Molecular movement takes place even when we are sleeping. But, viruses do not show any molecular movement. That is why it has been controversial whether viruses are living or non living.
Viruses are non cellular as mentioned as above. They have inert crystalline structure outside the living cell. They infect the host cell and use their machinery to replicate thereby killing the host cell.
As viruses use our cell machinery. So, antibiotics are not effective against them. We have to kill our cells if we want to kill or stop from replicating the virus. In 1935, W. M. Stanley showed that crystals of viruses mainly consist of proteins. In addition to it, they also contain genetic materials that could be either DNA or RNA. No virus contains both DNA and RNA. The nucleic acid is protected by a protein called capsid which is made up of small sub units of capsomeres. Viruses are the cause of diseases like cold, influenza, chicken pox, etc. The deadly diseases like AIDS and hepatitis B are also caused by virus.

In short, viruses are non cellular. So, they are not truely living. Thats why they could not find place in five kingdom classification.

$\large{\mathbf{\red {Hope \:\:It \:\: Helps}}}$