Write 2-3 paragraphs to address the evolutionary history/advances from the monerans to protists to fungi.
I don't truly need the paragraphs written for me, but I would certain appreciate a good explanation to help me understadn what it means
Answers
Explanation:
Billions of years of evolution have led to a mind-numbing variety of species on earth. Classification of these organisms was a serious challenge for the biologists.
Many researchers had come forward with different categories to classify living things. Among them, Ernst Haeckel (1894), Robert Whittaker (1959) and Carl Woese (1977) are few, whose contributions are notable.
Modern-day of taxonomy have accepted the five-kingdom classification which was proposed by R. H. Whittaker. The basis of his classification is the cell structure, mode, and source of nutrition and the structure of the body.
The classification of living organisms according to Whittaker is divided into five kingdoms namely: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
Kingdom Fungi
Fungi are a group of organisms that are found everywhere from air, water, land to the soil. They are also found in plants and animals.
Some fungi are microscopic and others are gargantuan – almost extending over a thousand acres. And even though fungi appear like plants, they are in fact closely related to animals.
Fungi have great economic importance and show a great diversity in morphology and habitat. More than 70,000 species of fungi have been recognized and the organisms of kingdom fungi include mushrooms, smuts, yeasts, puffballs, rusts, smuts, truffles, morels, and moulds.
General features of fungi are as follows:
Fungi are eukaryotic, non-vascular and non-motile organisms.
The growth rate of fungi is slower than that of bacteria.
Fungi grow best in an acidic environment.
The Kingdom Fungi consist of both unicellular (e.g. Yeast, Molds) and multicellular (e.g. mushrooms) organisms.
Like plant cells, fungi have cell walls made up of complex sugar molecules called chitin. But unlike plants, they do not undergo photosynthesis.
The cell wall is composed of chitin. The vegetative body of the fungi may be unicellular or composed of microscopic threads called hyphae.
They have a heterotrophic mode of nutrition. Few species are saprophytes i.e., they feed on dead and decaying organic matters.
Some fungi are parasitic while some are symbionts. They can live in a symbiotic relationship with algae, like blue-green algae. These are called lichens.
Reproduction in fungi is both by sexual and asexual means. Asexual reproduction takes place by means of spores and sexual reproduction takes place by means of gametic copulation, somatic copulation, and Spermatization.
Kingdom Fungi
Also Read: Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Monera, Protista and Fungi- Comparison Chart
The difference between kingdom Protista, monera and fungi are as follows:
Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Unicellular Prokaryotes
Unicellular Eukaryotes.
Unicellular or Multicellular eukaryotes
No cellular organelles
Membrane-bound cell organelles
Cell organelles are present
Simple structure
Complex structure
Complex cellular organization
Cell wall is present but not well developed.
Well-developed cell wall is present.
Cell wall is made up of chitin
No true nucleus
Has a true nucleus
Possess a true nucleus
Autotrophic or heterotrophic mode of nutrition
Holozoic, parasitic or photosynthetic mode of nutrition.
Heterotrophic or saprophytic mode of nutrition.
Flagella and cilia absent
Flagella and cilia present Flagella are present for locomotion
Reproduction is asexual
Reproduction is sexual or asexual
Reproduction is sexual and asexual
Found everywhere
Found in aquatic, moist and shady places.
Found mostly in an acidic environment
Example: Mycobacterium, Bacillus,
Example: Dinoflagellates, protozoan, slime moulds
Example: yeast, mushrooms