Write 2 conditions that promote corrosion.
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A few are - oxygen in air, temperature, the presence of chemical salts, pollution, humidity of the environment etc. 1. Pollutants like acid rain promote corrosion to a huge extent. Also, the presence of other pollutants like chlorides, carbon dioxide etc.
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Answer:
There are many factors that cause corrosion. A few are - oxygen in air, temperature, the presence of chemical salts, pollution, humidity of the environment etc.
1. Pollutants like acid rain promote corrosion to a huge extent. Also the presence of other pollutants like chloride, carbon dioxide, etc form a film on the metal by dissolving in atmospheric moisture
2. Oxygen - Corrosion occurs in an oxygen-deficient environment and also in one where oxygen is present in excess, with the extent of corrosion being more in the latter situation than the former.
3.Presence of an electrolyte. The first is the presence of a substance that will conduct electricity and therefore allow the movement of electrons, resulting in the oxidisation of a metal, eg, rust. Commonly, water is associated with corrosion for when it holds impurities, it will readily conduct electrons. Such impurities are ionic salts such as sodium chloride, acids (commonly those associated with rotting vegetable matter) or alkalies.
4.Electrolytic ally dissimilar elements. The next is an electrolytic difference between two metals in proximity immersed in a liquid that will conduct electrons. Aluminium, for example, will hasten the corrosion of iron. Zinc will corrode in preference to iron and so provides protection from rust to the iron. The electrolytic difference between metals can be found in Galvanic Tables for metals.
5.Temperature. Temperature will hasten just about any chemical reaction and corrosion is just that, a chemical reaction. So the higher the temperature, the faster will be the corrosion.
6.Solubility of the Corrosion. Many metals are protected from corrosion by the fact that the oxidised scale (also called a passivated film or scale) which forms, expands and adheres to the surface, thereby preventing the substance that is facilitating the oxidation gaining access to the material being oxidised. That is the function of Chromium in stainless steel. The Chromium oxidises, expands and clings to the underlying metal. Once oxidised it is referred to as being passivated. It will not oxidise further but, having sealed the surface, it prevents the elements that are causing oxidisation from reaching new material. The converse is thus true. If that scale is somehow dissolved or made to be porous then corrosion will continue. For example, rust allows moisture carrying ions to still reach the underlying iron, oxidisation will still continue and the rust will become worse and worse.
7.Motion. Vibration or flow of the electrolyte past the object being corroded will, in most cases, accelerate corrosion. This is because vibrational energy accelerates chemical reactions and movement can help to dislodge any sort of passivated protective film that may have formed on the surface of the object being corroded.
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