write a brief note on the peninsular plateaus
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PENINSULAR PLATEAU OF INDIA : The Peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. It was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land and thus, making it a part of the oldest landmass. The plateau has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills.
Explanation:
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Explanation:
PENINSULAR PLATEAU OF INDIA - DEFINITION
The Peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. It was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land and thus, making it a part of the oldest landmass. The plateau has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills. This plateau consists of two broad divisions, namely, the Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau. The part of the Peninsular plateau lying to the north of the Narmada river covering a major area of the Malwa plateau is known as the Central Highlands. The Deccan Plateau is a triangular landmass that lies to the south of the river Narmada.
CLIMATE, SOIL AND POPULATION OF CENTRAL HIGHLAND - DEFINITION
Climate: To the east of the Aravalli range, Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand experience humid sub-tropical climate. The winters are generally dry and the summers are hot. The rainy season is from June to September and the annual rainfall is between 700mm to 1500mm.
Soil: Black, red and laterite soils are found in this region.
Population: Population density in this region is average 200 to 500 persons per sqkm except Chhattisgarh where it is 100 to 200 persons per sq kms (2011 census).
THE VINDHYA RANGE - SHORTCUT
Extends from- Sasaram (Bihar) in the east to Jobat (Gujarat) in the west. Average elevation- 600 m in the centre, 500 m- east and west. Lava-ridden in the west.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRAL HIGHLANDS - DEFINITION
Bundelkhand and adjoining areas have vast resources in terms of land, forests and minerals. But the area is far behind others in agriculture and industries. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in this region. Diamonds found in Panna district of Madhya Pradesh constitute Bundelkhand's most well known mineral wealth while mining activities are well developed in Chota Nagpur plateau. The Damodar valley is rich with coal deposits. Textile is a major industry in Malwa region. Pithampur near Indore is known as an industrial town for its heavy concentration of automotive industry.
CENTRAL PLATEAUS OF INDIA - DEFINITION
The triangular region to the south of Narmada river is known as the Deccan Plateau or Central Plateau. The Deccan Plateau is divided to following sub-regions:
(1) Satpura range
(2) Maharashtra plateau
(3) Karnataka-telanga na plateau
(4) Eastern plateaus.
THE SATPURA RANGE - SHORTCUT
Extends- Narmada Valley in the north to Tapti Valley in the south. Eastern section called- Maikala Plateau. Average elevation- 1030 m. Northern and southern borders composed of sandstone.
EASTERN PLATEAU OF I - DEFINITION
This region comprises of Deccan Plateaus , mostly Mahanadi Basin, Dandakaranya Basin, Garhjat hills.
Mahanadi basin: The area is in Chota Nagpur region and occupies central part of Chhattisgarh and western part of Odisha state.
Dandakarnya : The southern part of Chhattisgarh state and south southwestern of Odisha is known as Dandakaranya.
Garhjat hills: These hills occupy the north western part of Odisha. The region is drained by rivers Brahmani and Baitarni.
THE ARAVALIS - SHORTCUT
800 km range. Extends- north-east- south-west of India. One of the oldest fold mountain ranges of the world. Highest point- Guru Shikhar peak of the Abu hills. Height in the northern stretch- Less than 400 m, Above 900 m elsewhere.
NORTH-EASTERN, KATHIAWAR AND CUTCH PLATEAUS - DEFINITION
Kathiawar and Cutch plateaus: These peninsulas are joined to the peninsular plateaus by Gujarat plains. Deccan lavas make up the Kathiawar region.
North-eastern plateau: It is an extension of the main peninsular plateau and comprises the Meghalaya plateau consisting of the Garo, Khasi and Jaintia hills. These hills have been named after the tribal groups which inhabit this region.
DECCAN PLATEAU - DEFINITION
The Deccan Plateau is triangular in shape and is India's largest plateau. It occupies land between the Western and the Eastern Ghats and the south of the Mahadeo, Maikal and Satpura ranges. The Deccan Plateau is divided into following sub-regions:
(1) Satpuda-Mahadeo-Maikal Range
(2) Maharashtra Plateau
(3) Karnataka-Telangana Plateau
(4) Eastern Plateaus.
CLIMATE AND SOIL OF DECCAN PLATEAU - DEFINITION
Climate: Most part of the plateau of Peninsular India enjoys Tropical wet and dry climate, except a semi-arid tract to the east of the Western Ghats. Winter and early summer are long dry periods. Summer is very hot. The middle-part of this plateau experiences Tropical semi-arid climate.
Soil: Black soil is well developed in the Deccan plateau region of Maharashtra. Red soil is found in Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Karnataka plateau.