Write a story ,'l am because we are'.
Answers
Philippines 1990 and Africa 1992). One extraordinary aspect of these programs apart
from their common objective of poverty reduction lies in the specific limits their
enforced on reach and accessibility. The Youth Employment Guarantee Act of 1991
in the Netherlands and Egypt's employment guarantee program respectively aim at
guaranteeing employment to young persons and college graduates. Special Public
Works Programs was instituted within village limits with employment guarantee
limited only to residents (Putzel, 1995). The widely debated National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) of India (2005) is one of the most recent
attempts to provide statutory basis for a government guarantee of employment
initially in 200 rural districts. This wealth of government initiatives notwithstanding,
conceptual understanding of the mechanics of employment guarantee schemes (EGS)
in general and the difference that an official commitment has on the private labor
market in particular has been in short supply. In terms of workings at the core of an
EGS are three distinctive features, which clearly separate the workings of the program
from other conventional policies that directly target the private labor market such as a
minimum wage, or a wage subsidy.
Dreze and Sen (1991) have classified wage employment into the following
characteristics which include:
a) An Employment Guarantee Scheme wage.
b) The ease of access to Employment Guarantee Scheme employment and
c) The degree of contestability that such a scheme introduces into the private
labor market.
These has been the guarantee of EGS to alleviate poverty by delivering
targeted transfers to the poor through workfare rather than welfare an accompanying
empirical literature establishes the size of such direct transfer benefits. Firstly, the
EGS wage, when viewed in this light is arguably like to direct transfers to the poor