Write on the structure of orthoboric acid and diamond
Answers
Answered by
3
hey mate ,
here is my answer
_________❤_________
The chemical formula of boric acid is H3BO3 (or B(OH)3). Its molecular formula is BH3O3, and its molar mass is 61.83 g/mol. The chemical structure of boric acid is shown below:
The central boron atom is connected to three hydroxyl (-OH) groups, which are capable of strong hydrogen bonding. Its solid crystalline structure consists of parallel layers of boric acid held together in place by hydrogen bonds.
Occurrence: Boric acid occurs naturally in volcanic areas, and in certain minerals such as borax (as sassolite). It is also found in sea water, plants, and fruits in small amounts.
Preparation: Boric acid is prepared by reacting minerals such as borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O), with strong acids like HCl:
Na2B4O7·10H2O + 2 HCl → 4 H3BO3 + 2 NaCl + 5 H2O
It can also be prepared by the hydrolysis of boron trihalides (such as BBr3) or diborane (B2H6):
BBr3 + 3 H2O → B(OH)3 + 3 HBr
B2H6 + 6 H2O → 2 B(OH)3 + 6 H2
Physical properties: Boric acid is a white crystalline solid with a density of 1.435 g/mL, melting point of 170.9 °C and boiling point of 300 °C.
Chemical properties: Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid, and is considered a Lewis acid. It dissolves in boiling water and in anhydrous sulfuric acid. When heated to high temperatures (over 170 °C), it undergoes dehydration to form metaboric acid (HBO2):
H3BO3 → HBO2 + H2O
___________
Carbon has an electronic arrangement of 2,4. In diamond, each carbon shares electrons with four other carbon atoms - forming four single bonds.
In the diagram some carbon atoms only seem to be forming two bonds (or even one bond), but that's not really the case. We are only showing a small bit of the whole structure. This is a giant covalent structure - it continues on and on in three dimensions. It is not a molecule, because the number of atoms joined up in a real diamond is completely variable - depending on the size of the crystal.
Physical Properties of Diamond
has a very high melting point (almost 4000°C). Very strong carbon-carbon covalent bonds have to be broken throughout the structure before melting occurs.is very hard. This is again due to the need to break very strong covalent bonds operating in 3-dimensions.doesn't conduct electricity. All the electrons are held tightly between the atoms, and aren't free to move.is insoluble in water and organic solvents. There are no possible attractions which could occur between solvent molecules and carbon atoms which could outweigh the attractions between the covalently bound carbon atoms.
______________________
HOPE THIS HELPS YOU
please like it and
TH@NkS
here is my answer
_________❤_________
The chemical formula of boric acid is H3BO3 (or B(OH)3). Its molecular formula is BH3O3, and its molar mass is 61.83 g/mol. The chemical structure of boric acid is shown below:
The central boron atom is connected to three hydroxyl (-OH) groups, which are capable of strong hydrogen bonding. Its solid crystalline structure consists of parallel layers of boric acid held together in place by hydrogen bonds.
Occurrence: Boric acid occurs naturally in volcanic areas, and in certain minerals such as borax (as sassolite). It is also found in sea water, plants, and fruits in small amounts.
Preparation: Boric acid is prepared by reacting minerals such as borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O), with strong acids like HCl:
Na2B4O7·10H2O + 2 HCl → 4 H3BO3 + 2 NaCl + 5 H2O
It can also be prepared by the hydrolysis of boron trihalides (such as BBr3) or diborane (B2H6):
BBr3 + 3 H2O → B(OH)3 + 3 HBr
B2H6 + 6 H2O → 2 B(OH)3 + 6 H2
Physical properties: Boric acid is a white crystalline solid with a density of 1.435 g/mL, melting point of 170.9 °C and boiling point of 300 °C.
Chemical properties: Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid, and is considered a Lewis acid. It dissolves in boiling water and in anhydrous sulfuric acid. When heated to high temperatures (over 170 °C), it undergoes dehydration to form metaboric acid (HBO2):
H3BO3 → HBO2 + H2O
___________
Carbon has an electronic arrangement of 2,4. In diamond, each carbon shares electrons with four other carbon atoms - forming four single bonds.
In the diagram some carbon atoms only seem to be forming two bonds (or even one bond), but that's not really the case. We are only showing a small bit of the whole structure. This is a giant covalent structure - it continues on and on in three dimensions. It is not a molecule, because the number of atoms joined up in a real diamond is completely variable - depending on the size of the crystal.
Physical Properties of Diamond
has a very high melting point (almost 4000°C). Very strong carbon-carbon covalent bonds have to be broken throughout the structure before melting occurs.is very hard. This is again due to the need to break very strong covalent bonds operating in 3-dimensions.doesn't conduct electricity. All the electrons are held tightly between the atoms, and aren't free to move.is insoluble in water and organic solvents. There are no possible attractions which could occur between solvent molecules and carbon atoms which could outweigh the attractions between the covalently bound carbon atoms.
______________________
HOPE THIS HELPS YOU
please like it and
TH@NkS
Attachments:
Similar questions