write the four reaction with definition and example
Answers
Types of Chemical Reaction
Chemical reactions can be classified in following types:
Combination reaction ,decomposition Reaction,Displacement Reaction , Double Displacement ReactionOxidation and Reduction Reaction
Combination Reaction: Reactions in which two or more reactants combine to form one product are called COMBINATION REACTION.
A general combination reaction can be represented by the chemical equation given here.
A + B ⇨ AB
Example: When magnesium is burnt in air (oxygen), magnesium oxide is formed. In this reaction, magnesium is combined with oxygen.
Mg + O2 ⇨ 2MgO
Magnesium + Oxygen ⇨ Magnesium oxide
When carbon is burnt in oxygen (air), carbon dioxide is formed. In this reaction, carbon is combined with oxygen.
C + O2 ⇨ CO2
Carbon + Oxygen ⇨ Carbon dioxide
When hydrogen reacts with chlorine, hydrogen chloride is formed.
H2 + Cl2 ⇨ 2HCl
Hydrogen + Chlorine ⇨ Hydrogen chloride
When calcium oxide reacts with water, calcium hydroxide is formed
CaO + H2O ⇨ Ca(OH)2
Calcium oxide + Water ⇨ Calcium hydroxide
When carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen, carbon dioxide is formed.
2CO + O2 ⇨ 2CO2
Carbon monoxide + Oxygen ⇨ Carbon dioxide
Decomposition Reaction: Reactions in which one compound decomposes in two or more compounds or element are known as DECOMPOSITION REACTION. Decomposition reaction is just opposite of combination reaction.
A general decomposition reaction can be represented as follows:
AB ⇨ A + B
Example: When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
CaCO3 ⇨ CaO + CO2
Calcium carbonate ⇨ Calcium oxide + Carbon dioxide
When ferric hydroxide is heated, it decomposes into ferric oxide and water
2Fe(OH)3 ⇨ Fe2O3 + 3H2O
Ferric hydroxide ⇨ Ferric oxide + Water
When lead nitrate is heated, it decomposes into lead oxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen.
2Pb(NO3)2 ⇨ 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
Lead nitrate ⇨ Lead oxide + Nitrogen oxide + Oxygen
In above examples, compound is decomposed because of heating, so, these reactions are called THERMAL DECOMPOSITION REACTION.
Electrolytic Decomposition:
Reactions in which compounds decompose into simpler compounds because of passing of electricity, are known as ELECTROLYTIC DECOMPOSITION. This is also known as ELECTROLYSIS.
Example: When electricity is passed in water, it decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen.
2H2O ⇨ 2H2 + O2
Photolysis or Photo Decomposition Reaction:
Reactions in which a compound decomposes because of sunlight are known as PHOTOLYSIS or PHOTO DECOMPOSITION REACTION.
Example: When silver chloride is put in sunlight, it decomposes into silver metal and chlorine gas.
2AgCl ⇨ 2Ag + Cl2
Similarly, when silver bromide is put under sunlight, it decomposes into silver metal and bromine gas.
2AgBr ⇨ 2Ag + Br2
Photographic paper has coat of silver chloride, which turns into grey when exposed to sunlight. It happens because silver chloride is colourless while silver is a grey metal.
Displacement Reaction
Reactions in which atoms or ions move from one compound to other to form new compound are known as DISPLACEMENT REACTION. Displacement reaction is also known as Substitution Reaction or Single displacement /Replacement Reaction.
A general displacement reaction can be represented using chemical equation as follows:
A + BC ⇨ AC + B
Displacement reaction takes place only when ‘A’ is more reactive than B. If ‘B’ is more reactive than ‘A’, then ‘A’ will not displace ‘C’ from ‘BC’ and reaction will not be taken place.
Example: When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, it gives hydrogen gas and zinc chloride.
Zn + 2HCl ⇨ ZnCl2 + H2
When zinc reacts with copper sulphate, it forms zinc sulphate and copper metal.
Zn + CuSO4 ⇨ ZnSO4 + Cu
When silver metal is dipped in copper nitrate, no reaction takes place because silver metal is less reactive than copper.
Ag + Cu(NO3 )2 ⇨ No reaction takes place
Hey mate ,
Four Types of chemical reactions are-
(1) combination reaction - in combination reaction , two or more substances combine to form a new substance.
Magnesium and oxygen combine to form magnesiumoxide.
Mg + o2 = 2mgo
Carbon burns in air to form carbondioxide.
C + o2 = con
(2) decomposition reaction - in decomposition reaction , a compound splits up to form two or more simpler substances.
Calcium carbonate is heated to decompose into calciumoxide and carbondioxide
Caco3 = cao + co2
Potassium chlorate splits up to form potassium chloride and oxygen
Kclo3 = kcl + o2
(3) displacement reaction - in displacement reaction , highly reactive element displaces the less reactive element from a compound.
When zinc reacts with copper sulphate then zinc sulphate and copper are formed.
Zn + cuso4 = znso4 + cu
Iron metal reacts with dil. HCl to form iron second chloride and hydrogen.
Fe + HCl = fecl2 + he
(4) double displacement reaction - in double displacement reaction , two compounds react by an exchange of ions to form two new compounds.
Silver nitrate reacts with sodium chloride to form silver chloride and sodium nitrate.
Agno3 + nacl = agcl + manoj
Barium chloride reacts with sodium sulphate to form barium sulphate and sodium chloride.
Bacl2 + na2so4 = baso4 + nacl