Question

write the structure position and function of all cell organelles​

Answer 1

$\huge{ ANSWER- }$

Some of the cell organelles and their respective functions are given below :

$\huge{\boxed{\sf {Endoplasmic \: Reticulum}}}$

》This organelle is divided into two: Smooth and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.

》The smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum synthesises sterols and lipids.

》The rough Endoplasmic Reticulum synthesises Proteins.

$\huge{\boxed{\sf {Golgi \: Apparatus}}}$

>> Its main function us to process, package and then transport the proteins.

>> It also helps in glycosylation and glycosidation.

$\huge{\boxed{\sf {Ribosomes -}}}$

》 It is the protein factory of the cell.

》It synthesises different types of proteins and also plays a major role in translation of mRNA.

$\huge{\boxed{\sf {Lysosomes -}}}$

>> They possess hydrolytic enzymes which digests the dead cells and organelles.

$\huge{\boxed{\sf {Mitochondria -}}}$

》They generate ATP for the functional of cell.

》So mitochondria is called the power house of the cell.

$\huge{\boxed{\sf {Nucleus -}}}$

>> It contains the genetic material which is responsible for the growth and development.

Answer 2

$\huge\mathfrak\purple{Endoplasmic\:Reticulum}$

$\mathfrak\blue{Structure}$

➡️A number of single membrane round tubes shuts or vesicles forming the network in the entire cytoplasm

➡️ Present only in Animal Cells or Prokaryotic cells and absent in Prokaryotic cells

$\mathfrak\pink{Types \: Of \: Endoplasmic \: Reticulum}$

•$\mathfrak\purple{Rough \: Endoplasmic \: Reticulum}$

➡️They appear to be rough under microscope because of the presence of small grain like structures (ribosomes) attached to their surface

➡️ Ribosomes are sites of protein synthesis so Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is also engaged in synthesis and transport of protein

•$\mathfrak\purple{Smooth \:Endoplasmic\: Reticulum}$

$\mathfrak{Skeletal \:Framework:-}$

➡️The Endoplasmic Reticulum acts as supporting Skeletal framework of the cell

Transport and exchange of Material:-

➡️It helps in transport and exchange of Material from one part of the cell to another

$\mathfrak{Increase\:in\:surface\: area :-}$

➡️It provides an increased surface area of any bio chemical reaction to take place inside the cell

$\mathfrak{Membrane \:Biogenesis:-}$

➡️Protein synthesised by Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and Lipids synthesised Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum go to make up the cell membrane, a process called membrane Biogenesis

Detoxification:-

➡️The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is liver cells detoxifies poisons and germs

$\huge\mathfrak\purple{Golgi\:Bodies:-}$

✒️The Golgi apparatus , first discovered by“Camillo Golgi”consists of a system of membrane-bound vesicles arranged Approximately parallel to each other in stacks called “cisterns”

✒️These membrane often have connections with the membrane of Endoplasmic Reticulum and therefore, constitute another portion of a complex cellular membrane system

$\mathfrak\green{Functions:-}$

✒️The material synthesized near the Endoplasmic Reticulum is package and dispatched to various targets inside and outside the cell through the Golgi Apparatus

✒️It's functions include the storage, modification, and packaging of products in vesicles

✒️In some cases, complex sugars may be made from simple Sugars in Golgi Apparatus

✒️The Golgi Apparatus is also involved in the formation of cysosomes

$\mathfrak\orange{Mitochondria}$

$\mathfrak\pink{Location}$

➡️It is found in all Eukaryotic aerobic cells

$\mathfrak\pink{Structure}$

➡️ Usually sausage shaped, but may be (spherical , oval or cylindrical)

$\mathfrak\orange{Extra \: Information}$

➡️Every mitochondria is bound by a double membrane

➡️Outer membrane is smooth, porous and freely permeable

➡️Inner membrane is selectively permeable and is thrown into a number of folds called $\bold{Cristal}$

➡️ Cristal, has ATP generating bodies called $\bold{Oxysomes}$

➡️ Space inside inner membrane is filled up with dense fluid called the $\bold{Mitochondrial \:Matrix}$

➡️It contains it's own DNA and ribosomes

➡️As it has it's own DNA and ribosomes they can do cellular respiration, but only to some extent toreplicate themselves. Also known as Semi Autonomous Organelles

➡️Inner membrane is folded inwards to increase surface area for ATP production

$\mathfrak\pink{Functions}$

➡️It is a site for cell respiration

➡️Inside mitochondria oxidation if food material takes place with release of energy

➡️This energy is stored in the form of energy- rich compound called ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)

➡️When our body requires energy we get energy from ATP to carry out our life process

➡️So, it is also called “The Power House Of The Cell” and ATP is also called energy currency or energy battery of the cell

$\huge\mathfrak\green{Nucleus}$

⏩It is a dense structure located in the centre of the animal cell and towards the cell membrane in the plant cell is called nucleus

⏩It is spherical in animal cell but becomes oval in plant cell because exerted by vacuole against the cell membrane

⏩ Normally, a single nucleus is present in most of the cells but some cells like Paramecium contains 2 cells

⏩Some cells lacks nucleus at maturity

⏩Eg:- RBC cells in mammals

$\huge\mathfrak\gray{Nuclear\: membrane}$

⏩ Nucleus is covered by a double membrane which separates Nucleus from the cytoplasm

⏩It's not continuous and is characterised by pressure of a number of openings called Nuclear pores

⏩These pores allow in the exchange of the material between the Nucleus and the cytoplasm

Vacuoles

➡️They are fluid filled sacs

➡️They are found in both Animal and Plant cells

➡️In Animal and young plant cell the Vacuoles are smaller in size

➡️In mature plant cell there is a large Vacuole occupying 50-90% of cell volume

➡️Its covering membrane is called Tonoplast

➡️Fluid in Vacuole is called cell sap

➡️Cell sap stores salt, sugar, amino acids, organic acid and proteins

➡️It also store waste product in plants

Function:-

➡️ Vacuoles help to maintain turgidity and rigidity of the cell

➡️ Storehouse of waste product in Plant cell