Write two important inference drawn f4om rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment
Answers
Answer:
Rutherford's experiment utilized positively charged alpha particles (He with a +2 charge) which were deflected by the dense inner mass (nucleus). The conclusion that could be formed from this result was that atoms had an inner core which contained most of the mass of an atom and was positively charged.
Answer:
(i) some of the positively charged α – particles while travelling through foil
experienced no force, but some experienced strong repulsive forces, which can
be exerted by extremely dense concentration of positive charge of the nucleus.
(ii) The whole of the positive charge and almost whole mass of the atom is tightly
concentrated in a very small central core called the nucleus about which the
electrons are grouped in some sort of configuration. These electrons, being very
light, do not deflect the α- particles. When α particle of positive charge 2e approaches the nucleus of charge Ze, the Coulomb force of repulsion between
them; =
1
40
(+)(+2)
2
0 being permittivity of free space; acts between the α – particle and the nucleus,
hence the α – particles derived from their path.
be the distance between α – particle and the nucleus, is very large, the force
of repulsion is very small. Therefore, α – particles at relatively large distances
from the nucleus suffer no deflection and hence pass undeviated.
ℎ is small, the force of repulsion is very large, therefore those α – particles
which pass close to the nucleus are deflected strongly. If an α – particle
approaches the nucleus in head on direction, the repulsive force will slow down
the particle which will be momentarily stopped and it will return almost in its
original direction, thus suffering 180° scattering.