causes of employment syndrome in Zimbabwe
Answers
Employment syndrome refers to the mentality that one will always have to
work for another person to earn a living.
Causes
Zimbabwe has one of the most unequal societies in the world. Less than 5% of the population monopolise 70% of the nation's income. 76% of the population is on or below the poverty line. There is more than 60% unemployment.
The Economic Structural Adjustment Programme was started in Zimbabwe in 1990. In 1991 - 1992 on of the worst droughts occurred in Zimbabwe. This was a major disaster because 70% of the population was living in the rural areas and was dependent on agriculture. Due to the drought a large number of people migrated to the urban areas in search of employment.
Another drought occurred in 1995 - 1996 which worsened the economic situation.
Unemployment increased due to retrenchments and business closures. By 2001 nearly 6000 jobs were lost in different sectors of the economy. Unemployment increased further in 2002 because the government could not create opportunities to stimulate industrial expansion.
The reasons for unemployment are:
1. Sluggish investment and growth
2. The investment or business environment is unfriendly.
3. Weak export performance.
4. Population growth rate and age structure.
5. Poor macroeconomic policy.
6. The reliance on primary products is suboptimal.
7. Tertiary education.
Unemployment in Zimbabwe is due to quite a number of factors. The following are mainly because of political reasons.
(1)Sluggish investment.
(2)Weak export performance due to geography and climate.
(3)Poor macroeconomic policy environment.
(4)The investment or business climate is unfriendly.
(5)Population growth rate/age structure.
(6)Trade problem as Geography (no direct access to the sea).
(7)Tertiary Education.