difference Between surface and bulk phenomenon
Answers
Surface Concentration: In electrochemistry, there is an important distinction between the concentration of a species at the electrode’s surface and its concentration at some distance from the electrode’s surface (in what we call the bulk solution). Suppose we place an electrode in a solution of Fe3+ and fix the potential at 1.00 V. At this potential Fe3+ is stable—the standard state reduction potential for Fe3+ to Fe2+ is +0.771 V, the concentration of Fe3+ remains the same at all distances from the electrode’s surface.
Bulk Concentraton: If we change the electrode’s potential to +0.500 V, the concentration of Fe3+ at the electrode’s surface decreases to approximately zero. The concentration of Fe3+ increases as we move away from the electrode’s surface until it equals the concentration of Fe3+ in bulk solution. The resulting concentration gradient causes additional Fe3+ from the bulk solution to diffuse to the electrode’s surface.
The bulk phenomenon is the process in which the particles in the bulk of the liquid gets the energy that is enough to break away the inter molecular force between the molecules and convert them into vapors or gases
The surface phenomenon is the one in which the small fraction of particles at the surface of the liquid will energy that is enough to break out the inter molecular force and convert them into vapors or gas.
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