Question

explain aufbau principle ,hunds rule, paulis principle

Answer 1

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QUESTION ==
explain aufbau principle
EXPLANATION ==
The Aufbau Principle states that in the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.


Hund's rule==
Hund's rule: every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.


The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that, in an atom or molecule, no two electrons can have the same four electronic quantum numbers. As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

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Answer 2

The aufbau principle, from the German Aufbauprinzip, also called the aufbau rule, states that in the ground state of an atom or ion, electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy levels before occupying higher levels. For example, the 1s subshell is filled before the 2s subshell is occupied