explain the five major categories of nature vegetation found in india
Answers
Tropical Rain Forests
These forests are restricted to heavy rainfall areas of the Western Ghats and the island groups of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar, upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu coast. They are at their best in areas having more than 200 cm of rainfall with a short dry season. The trees reach great heights up to 60 meters or even above. Some of the commercially important trees of this forest are ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber and cinchona.
Tropical Deciduous Forests
These are the most widespread forests in India. They are also known as Monsoon forests and are soread over regions receiving rainfall between 200cm and 70cm. Trees of this forest shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in dry summer. Teak is the most dominant species of this forest. Sal , shisham, sandalwood are other commercially important species.
Thorn Forests
In regions with less than 70cm rainfall, the natural vegetation consists of thorny trees and bushes. Acacias, palms, euphorbias and cacti are the main plant species. Trees are scattered and have long roots penetrating deep into the soil.
Montane Forests
In mountainous regions, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to the corresponding change in the natural vegetation. You can find the wet temperate type of forests between a height of 1000 and 2000 metres. Evergreen broad-leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts predominate. Between 1500 and 3000 meters, you can find the temperate forests containing coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce, and cedar.
Mangrove Forests
You can find the mangrove tidal forests in the areas of coasts influenced by tides. Mud and silt get accumulated on such coasts. Dense mangroves are the common varieties with roots of the plants submerged under water. You can find these in the deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Krishna, the Godavari and the Kaveri.
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