Explain the role of philosophers in the french revolution of 1789 answer short
Answers
Ideas of having a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities for all were put forward by the French philosophers.
John Locke: Locke wrote, ‘Two Treatises of Government’. In this book, he criticised the divine and absolute rights of the rulers.
John Jacques Rousseau: Rousseau had written his viewpoints in his book, ‘The Social
Contract’. He had put forward the idea of formation of a government based on a social contract between people and their representatives.
Montesquieu: His ideas were proposed in his book, ‘The Spirit of the Laws’. According to him, there should be a division of power between the three important organs—the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
The ideas of these philosophers were discussed by common people in salons and coffee houses and inspired them to fight for their rights
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Question :-
Write about the three main french philosophers and their role in french revolution 1789
Answer :-
The role of philosophers in the French revolution are as follows :-
(1) During 18 th century , France had many revolutionary thinkers.Among them were Voltaire , Rousseau , Montesquieu and Dederot .Their revolutionary ideas helped the people to fight for their rights .
(2) They exposed the inefficiency of the monarch and and his government.
(3)Voltaire's ideas encouraged people to fight against the privileges and finance of the Church without guilt.
(4) John Locke propounded the ideas refuting divinity and absolute rights of monarch.
(5) Montesquieu believed that all the powers should not be concentrated in one person's hand.
(6)Rousseau asserted the doctrine of democracy and popular sovereignty. He believed that the government should be based on the consent if the governed .He wrote a book known as " Social Contract" .
(7) Thus the ideas of the philosophers were a direct attack on privileges and feudal rights which protected the upper classes. They played a vital role in bringing about the revolution.
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