Question

Mention the basis of Crop selection in intercropping and crop rotation? Write the advantages of these two types of cropping patterns?

Answer 1

It also increases soil fertility, whereas crop rotation prevents soil depletion, increases soil fertility, and reduces soil erosion. Both these methods reduce the need for fertilizers. It also helps in controlling weeds and controls the growth of pathogens and pests in crops.

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Answer 2

Intercropping is the process wherein two or more crops are grown simultaneously in the same field in a definite pattern. In this process, a few rows of one crop alternate with a few rows of another crop. Crop combinations grown in this way include cauliflower and spinach, soya bean and maize, and bajra and lobia. 

The crops grown together are such that their nutrient requirements are different. This ensures that the crops do not compete for the same nutrients, which in turn allows maximum utilization of the applied nutrients by each individual crop. 

Intercropping helps prevent the spread of pests and diseases throughout the field. It also reduces soil erosion.

 

Crop rotation is the practice of growing two or more varieties of crops in the same field in sequential seasons. The duration of crop rotation determines the crops to be sown. For example: 

For one-year rotation: maize and mustard or wheat and rice are sown in succession.For two-year rotation: maize, mustard, sugarcane and methi are sown in succession.

Crop rotation helps prevent the growth of pathogens and pests. It improves soil fertility and reduces the need for fertilizers. In this method, several crops can be grown with only one soil preparation (ploughing).